Some of the most prominent explanations of the cause of inflation can be extremely confusing and often end up leading the reader/inquirer to conclude “Ahh, it’s just too complicated. We can’t really put our finger on it, and there are many different factors.” In this post, I aim to undo that surrender of understanding and replace it with a simple, accurate explanation.

What is inflation?

Inflation is the steady, continual rise in the price of goods. It is typically measured using a “basket of goods”. In this approach, the prices of many different goods are tracked and then integrated using some sort of logical weighting calculation.

The Cause… Theory #1 – Demand-Pull Inflation

“Too much money chasing too few goods”. This is the theory that says inflation is caused by demand out pacing supply. Believers of this theory pat themselves on the back about inflation as if it is evidence of a growing economy. This kind of fantastical belief is possible only through naivety. A global review of inflation teaches us that some of the most rapid inflation occurs in economies that aren’t growing at all. Conclusion: False.

The Cause… Theory #2 – Cost-Push Inflation

“When companies’ costs go up, they have to raise their prices to maintain a profit margin.” This may explain fragmented price fluctuations, but remember that inflation is the steady rise in price of goods (in general). If prices are stable across the board, but wheat spikes in price, it won’t single handedly result in substantial inflation. Even if wheat is in the “basket of goods” that we use to calculate inflation, its rise in price will minimally affect the overall computation for inflation. Another thing to note is this: What is causing the companies costs to go up? The Cost-Push Inflation theory is almost like saying “Rising prices are caused by rising prices”. Huh? Conclusion: False.

Supply & demand of goods have nothing to do with inflation. Let’s look at the rising price of oil, and examine [Read more...]